Perforating charges are traditionally designed for natural completions, which focus on depth of penetration with little regard to hole size and consistency. Oil and gas reservoirs, including unconventionals that require stimulation to be productive, benefit from consistent hole size to improve fracture placement.
Perforating charges are traditionally designed for natural completions, which focus on depth of penetration with little regard to hole size and consistency. Oil and gas reservoirs, including unconventionals that require stimulation to be productive, benefit from consistent hole size to improve fracture placement.
The MaxForce®-FRAC charge is an engineered charge that addresses perforating for stimulation. The charge is designed to maximize hole size performance, while maintaining entry hole consistency in the casing, regardless of the gun’s azimuth orientation and standoff.
Benefits
» Hole size consistency without centralization
» Helps ensure even distribution of fracture pumping pressure
» Highly suited for ball seal applications
» Designed for stimulation or injection wells
» Helps improve injection rates
» Reduces treating pressures
» Increases flow efficiency
Features
» Compatible with industry-standard perforating guns
» High-pressure systems available up to 25,000 psi (172.4 MPa)
Modeling
Advanced fracture simulations using finite element analysis support the performance improvements demonstrated by consistent hole sizes and observed during extensive field testing.
Results show that if the variation of the entrance hole diameter of the neighboring perforation tunnels is too large, then the fracture can initiate at the edge of the larger holes. This leaves the smaller hole diameter perforations less effective during stimulation.
The MaxForce-FRAC charge provides less variance of the entrance hole diameters compared to conventional deep- penetrating (DP) and good-hole (GH) charges. Thus, this improves pressure distribution, even treatment of perforations, and stimulation efficiency.
Case Histories
Martin County, Texas, USA
Using the 210 MaxForce®-FRAC charge in a 3⅜-in. 6-spf 60° gun system, an operator increased injectivity by 20% during a stimulation treatment compared to the same cluster, hole density, phasing, and good-hole (GH) charge used previously.
Reagan County, Texas, USA
The 210 MaxForce-FRAC charge was thoroughly and independently evaluated over 15 separate frac stages to comparable offset wells perforated with an industry-available GH shaped-charge perforating system. The MaxForce-FRAC charge consistently demonstrated lower treating pressures at the same pump rate, or 8 to 10% higher pump rate at the same treating pressure.
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